Necessity, Risks and Benefiets of Hysteroscopy

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Hysteroscopy is a procedure that allows gynecologist to look inside your uterus in order to diagnose and treat causes of   infertility, recurrent miscarriage, Polyps or fibroid tumors inside the cervical canal and inside the uterine cavity or abnormal uterine bleeding. Hysteroscopy can also be used to help pinpoint the location of abnormalities in the uterine lining for sampling and biopsy. Hysteroscopy can also be used to perform surgical sterilization.Hysteroscopy is done using a hysteroscope, a thin, lighted tube that is inserted into the vagina to examine the cervix and inside of the uterus. Hysteroscopy can be either diagnostic or operative.

Hysteroscopy is useful for diagnosing and treating some problems that cause infertility, miscarriages, and abnormal menstrual bleeding. Sometimes other procedures,such as laparoscopy, are done at the same time as hysteroscopy.

What is diagnostic hysteroscopy?

Diagnostic hysteroscopy is used to examine the inside of the uterus, also known as the uterine cavity and may also be used to confirm the results of other tests such as hysterosalpingography (HSG). This procedure is helpful in diagnosing abnormal uterine conditions such as polyps, internal fibroids, scarring, and developmental abnormalities. A diagnostic Hysteroscopy takes only a few minutes and can sometimes be performed in the Outpatients Department while you are awake.

What is operative hysteroscopy?

Operative hysterocopy may be used to both diagnose and treat certain conditions such as uterine adhesions, septums, fibroids or abnormal bleeding which can often be removed through the hysteroscope. If an abnormal condition was detected during the diagnostic hysteroscopy, an operative hysteroscopy can often be performed at the same time, avoiding the need for a second surgery. During operative hysteroscopy, small instruments used to correct the condition are inserted through the hysteroscope. A Hysteroscopy for the treatment of a certain medical condition is usually performed under a general anaesthetic in the Day Surgery Unit.

Why It Is Done?

Hysteroscopy is used both to diagnose and treat abnormal vaginal bleeding. If areas of bleeding are found during the procedure, the tissue may be destroyed by laser beam or electric current (electrocautery) or surgically removed at the same time. Hysteroscopy is done to locate and evaluate the cause of uterine bleeding, such as uterine fibroids, when blood loss is severe and Confirm a diagnosis before the start of treatment with medicines that have significant side effects(related to hormones).

How is Diagnostic Hysteroscopy performed?

Hysteroscopy is performed as a day case, with no overnight stay. You will be prepared for anesthesia.The first step of diagnostic hysteroscopy involves slightly stretching the canal of the cervix with a series of dilatators. Once the cervix is dilated, the hysteroscope, a narrow lighted viewing instrument similar to but smaller than the laparoscope, is inserted through the cervix and into the lower end of the uterus. The scope is then attached to a camera, allowing the doctor to see a clear image on a video screen. Special clear solutions (normal saline) are then injected into the uterus through the hysteroscope sheath. This distends the uterine cavity, clears blood and mucus away, and enables the doctor to directly view the internal structure of the uterus - the walls and the openings of the fallopian tubes.If surgery is to be done, small instruments will be inserted through the hysteroscope. After the examination, the hysteroscope is removed quickly and easily.

The time it takes to perform hysteroscopy can range from less than 5 minutes to more than an hour. The length of the procedure depends on whether it is diagnostic or operative and whether an additional procedure, such as laparoscopy, is done at the same time. In general, however, diagnostic hysteroscopy takes less time than operative.

What type of anesthesia is used for hysteroscopy?

Anesthesia for hysteroscopy may be local, regional, or general. The type of anesthesia used is determined by where the hysteroscopy is to be performed (hospital or doctor's office) and whether other procedures will be done at the same time. If you are having general anesthesia, you will be told not to eat or drink for a certain amount of time before the hysteroscopy.

What are the benefits of hysteroscopy?

Hysteroscopy as compared with other more invasive procedures is more beneficial because of shorter hospital stay, shorter recovery time, less pain medication needed after surgery, avoidance of hysterectomy and possible avoidance of open abdominal surgery.

What are the risks and complications of hysteroscopy?

It is expected to experience light vaginal bleeding and some cramping after the hysteroscopy procedure. Some cramping may be felt during the procedure, depending upon the type of anesthesia. Complications of hysteroscopy are rare and include perforation of the uterus, bleeding, infection, damage to the urinary or digestive tract, and medical complications resulting from reactions to drugs or anesthetic agents. Accidental perforation of the uterus is the most common complication and occurs in 0.1% of diagnostic hysteroscopy procedures and 1% of therapeutic (surgical) hysteroscopies. Severe or life-threatening complications, however, are very uncommon. Some of the complications above may prevent completion of the surgery.

What can I expect after the procedure?

Hysteroscopy is considered minor surgery and usually does not require an overnight stay in the hospital. However, in certain circumstances, such as if your doctor is concerned about your reaction to anesthesia, an overnight stay may be required. Following the procedure some symptoms may be experienced including fainting, cramps similar to period pains, mild bleeding, nausea, fatigue or muscle pain and shoulder tip pain. However if you experience fever, severe abdominal pain or heavy vaginal bleeding or discharge, make it sure to contact your gynecologist at the earlier.

Hysteroscopy is considered minor surgery and usually does not require an overnight stay in the hospital. However, in certain circumstances, such as if your doctor is concerned about your reaction to anesthesia, an overnight stay may be required. Hysteroscopy allow physicians to diagnose and correct many gynecological disorders on an outpatient basis. Patient recovery time is brief and significantly less than the recovery time from abdominal surgery through larger incisions. Before undergoing hysteroscopy, patients should discuss with their physicians any concerns about the procedures and their risks.

If you are facing any infertility issues like recurrent miscarriage, Polyps or fibroid tumors inside the cervical canal and inside the uterine cavity or abnormal uterine bleeding dont hesitate to consult your OB-GYN. At Rotunda Blue Fertility Clinic, we work hand-in-hand with you to make every phase from diagnosis to treatment - as predictable and comfortable as possible. Together we will map out a plan to determine the cause of your infertility and an appropriate course of action. Many problems can easily be corrected with medication or minimally invasive surgical procedures like hysteroscopy and laparoscopy. For couples facing more difficult challenges, our ART program ranks among the best in the nation. For any assistance or further information, feel free to contact us at http://www.rotunda.co.in/hysteroscopy.shtml or http://www.testtubebabyclinic.com/operhyster.php or we are available on a phone call at 91 22 24119991.

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