Compression stockings are garments that are worn on the legs and feet. The material that they are made from has a very strong elastic property that creates pressure on the feet and legs. This pressure is much stronger than what is experienced with normal clothing, even when there is elastic in the weave. The main purpose of compression stockings is to treat different medical conditions that stop the normal flow of blood in the legs. The garments are available to anyone and does not require a prescription, although applying this type of pressure consistently without first consulting a doctor could inflame some other types of conditions.

Lymphedema

Compression stockings are used to treat and manage lymphedema. Lymphedema is a condition where fluids that are normally removed from the body by the lymph nodes are unable to move naturally through the system because of damage to the nodes. The result is that liquids start to accumulate in the limbs, causing a painful swelling that sometimes becomes debilitating if left untreated. The pressure that compression stockings apply to the leg will actually force the static fluids upwards and into the body where they are processed and eventually removed by the kidneys. Compressing the affected limb with support hose is one of the few treatments available for lymphedema.

Deep Vein Thrombosis

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a medical condition which is caused by a number of factors, including age and certain types of medications. It occurs when a blood clot forms in one of the inner veins of the body. It normally affects the legs. The clot forms a blockage in the veins that starts to reduce the amount of blood flowing through the area. In extreme cases, DVT will result in a complete blockage. Compression stockings apply consistent pressure to the deep veins in the leg so that blood is forced past a partial obstruction. This will relieve any pain and swelling that has developed.

Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a condition that occurs because of physical damage or as a result of previous problems in the veins. CVI develops primarily in the legs and indicates that the small valves in the veins have become damaged. This prevents blood from flowing back to the heart to receive more oxygen. The result is discoloration, itching, swelling and sometimes lesions on the skin. The use of compression stockings helps to increase the pressure in the veins so that blood will be able to move past damaged valves and move toward the heart. This allows proper circulation to return to the tissues and muscles in the body.